الرعاية المجتمعية للمعاقين وعلاقتها بالرعاية المؤسسية

Via the implementation of CBR projects, Sudan, like other 3rd world countries, wants to emphasize the integration of disabled persons in the general stream of schools. The importance of such an experiment lies in the fact that community rehabilitation of the disabled enhances integration in the local community and self dependence utilizing the services of volunteers from local communities who participate in disabled training in a club or a school in the afternoons. All human and material resources are thus harnessed to the project where all participate. Such a model suits the Sudanese society where cooperation, solidarity, and strong social relations predominates among its members. Moreover, this project will raise the awareness about the issues of disability and draws the required support.\r\n\r\nThe research sample is composed of 40 mentally disabled persons selected from “Al Hamlah” “Al Gasharat” and “Al Bahar” areas in “Al Shagara” city. Their ages range from 6 to 12 years while the measures of their mental ability range from 36 to 70. This sample is divided into two groups: the first being subjected to a program of daily living skills that include the development of social mobility, cognitive language, and academic abilities in “Fursan Al Iradah” institute in “Al Imarat” city. The other group is exposed to the same program with the help of local volunteers in their local community for two academic years. The evaluation tools are measures of adaptable behavior and mental ability in a “Pre and Post” context. The data has been analyzed using computer SPSS package and the results are summarized as follows:\r\n\r\nThe local community group exhibited significantly higher scores in acceptable behavior and mental abilities compared to the institutional group.\r\nThe same results are obtained for development in social, cognitive, mobility, natural and daily living abilities.\r\nThe institutional group exhibited significantly higher scores in acceptable behavior and mental abilities compared to the community group in the development of academic abilities.